{"id":5482,"date":"2018-02-08T07:34:50","date_gmt":"2018-02-08T07:34:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/durathermcanada.ca\/comprendre-la-degradation-des-fluides\/"},"modified":"2025-08-28T22:13:13","modified_gmt":"2025-08-28T22:13:13","slug":"comprendre-la-degradation-des-fluides","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/durathermcanada.ca\/fr\/news\/comprendre-la-degradation-des-fluides\/","title":{"rendered":"Comprendre la d\u00e9gradation des fluides"},"content":{"rendered":"[vc_row type=\u00a0\u00bbin_container\u00a0\u00bb full_screen_row_position=\u00a0\u00bbmiddle\u00a0\u00bb column_margin=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_direction_phone=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb scene_position=\u00a0\u00bbcenter\u00a0\u00bb text_color=\u00a0\u00bbdark\u00a0\u00bb text_align=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb row_border_radius_applies=\u00a0\u00bbbg\u00a0\u00bb overflow=\u00a0\u00bbvisible\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb shape_divider_position=\u00a0\u00bbbottom\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column column_padding=\u00a0\u00bbno-extra-padding\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_tablet=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_phone=\u00a0\u00bbinherit\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_position=\u00a0\u00bball\u00a0\u00bb column_element_direction_desktop=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb desktop_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_backdrop_filter=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb column_position=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb2\/3&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb][vc_column_text]\n<h2>D\u00e9gradation oxydative (la plus courante)<\/h2>\n<p>La d\u00e9finition scientifique de la d\u00e9gradation oxydative est la r\u00e9action de l&rsquo;oxyg\u00e8ne (dans l&rsquo;air) avec le fluide par un m\u00e9canisme de radicaux libres pour former des mol\u00e9cules plus grosses qui finissent par devenir des polym\u00e8res ou des solides. Ceux-ci \u00e9paississent le fluide, augmentant ainsi sa <a href=\"https:\/\/durathermcanada.ca\/fr\/ressources\/calculateurs\/viscosite-operationnelle\/\">viscosit\u00e9<\/a>. Un fluide plus visqueux sera plus difficile \u00e0 pomper, aura de moins bonnes <a href=\"https:\/\/durathermcanada.ca\/fr\/ressources\/calculateurs\/transfert-chaleur\/\">caract\u00e9ristiques de transfert thermique<\/a> et pr\u00e9sentera un risque accru de formation de coke dans le syst\u00e8me. L&rsquo;<span class=\"glossary-cap glossary-box\" data-info=\"The process of combining with oxygen. All petroleum products are subject to oxidation to some degree. The reaction increases with rise in temperature. Oxidation produces oil-insoluble oxidized materials, which result in viscosity increase and deposits.\" data-name=\"Oxidation\">oxydation<\/span> s&rsquo;accompagne \u00e9galement d&rsquo;une augmentation de l&rsquo;acidit\u00e9 (TAN) du fluide. Comme pour la plupart des r\u00e9actions chimiques, l&rsquo;oxydation se produit plus rapidement lorsque la temp\u00e9rature augmente. \u00c0 temp\u00e9rature ambiante, la vitesse de r\u00e9action est \u00e0 peine mesurable. Cependant, \u00e0 des temp\u00e9ratures \u00e9lev\u00e9es, l&rsquo;effet est exponentiel et peut avoir un impact sur la dur\u00e9e de vie du fluide dans les syst\u00e8mes qui n&rsquo;utilisent pas de mesures de r\u00e9duction de l&rsquo;oxydation, telles que l&rsquo;inertage \u00e0 l&rsquo;azote du vase d&rsquo;expansion.     <\/p>\n<p>En termes simples, l&rsquo;<span class=\"glossary-box\" data-info=\"The process of combining with oxygen. All petroleum products are subject to oxidation to some degree. The reaction increases with rise in temperature. Oxidation produces oil-insoluble oxidized materials, which result in viscosity increase and deposits.\" data-name=\"Oxidation\">oxydation<\/span> se produit lorsque un fluide chaud est expos\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;air. Les signes d&rsquo;oxydation du fluide deviennent \u00e9vidents avec la formation de boues dans le syst\u00e8me, notamment dans les zones \u00e0 faible d\u00e9bit telles que les r\u00e9servoirs ou les vases d&rsquo;expansion. L&rsquo;indice d&rsquo;acidit\u00e9 totale (n\/t-H) ou <span class=\"glossary-box\" data-info=\"Acids form when fluid comes in contact with oxygen (minimal at room temp but increases exponentially above 200\u00b0F) TAN levels indicate the extent of which a fluid has been oxidized. New fluids typically have a TAN less than 0.05, most fluids have a condemning TAN limit of 1.0.\" data-name=\"TAN\">TAN<\/span> est la mesure courante de la d\u00e9gradation oxydative. Le TAN augmente \u00e0 mesure que les fluides subissent une d\u00e9gradation oxydative et favorise la formation de boues et de r\u00e9sine dans le syst\u00e8me. Les valeurs TAN sup\u00e9rieures \u00e0 la plage de 1,0 \u00e0 1,2 mg KOH\/g sont g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement pr\u00e9occupantes. Il est important de noter qu&rsquo;avec des syst\u00e8mes de drainage plus petits et moins efficaces, ces acides peuvent rester dans le syst\u00e8me et contaminer tout nouveau fluide ajout\u00e9. Il est extr\u00eamement important, en particulier si le nombre TAN est sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 1,0, de veiller \u00e0 \u00e9vacuer au maximum le fluide usag\u00e9 avant de proc\u00e9der au remplissage.      <\/p>\n<h2>D\u00e9gradation thermique<\/h2>\n<p>La d\u00e9gradation thermique ou craquage thermique est la rupture des liaisons carbone-carbone dans les mol\u00e9cules du fluide sous l&rsquo;effet d&rsquo;une chaleur sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la temp\u00e9rature maximale recommand\u00e9e pour le fluide ou \u00e0 la temp\u00e9rature du film. La r\u00e9action peut soit s&rsquo;arr\u00eater \u00e0 ce stade, auquel cas des mol\u00e9cules plus petites que celles qui existaient auparavant se forment, soit les fragments peuvent r\u00e9agir entre eux pour former des mol\u00e9cules polym\u00e8res plus grandes que celles qui existaient auparavant dans le fluide. Dans la terminologie du transfert de chaleur, ces deux types de produits de d\u00e9gradation sont appel\u00e9s \u00ab \u00e0 faible point d&rsquo;\u00e9bullition \u00bb et \u00ab \u00e0 haut point d&rsquo;\u00e9bullition \u00bb.  <\/p>\n<p><strong>Chaudi\u00e8res \u00e0 basse temp\u00e9rature<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La pr\u00e9sence de chaudi\u00e8res \u00e0 basse temp\u00e9rature est \u00e9vidente, comme en t\u00e9moignent la diminution mesur\u00e9e du <span class=\"glossary-box\" data-info=\"The temperature at which the vapors produced from a fluid will ignite (flash off) if exposed to an ignition source (the fluid will not burn at this point). While important for safety, it\u2019s actually quite common to operate at temperatures above the flash point of the fluid.\" data-name=\"Flash point\">point d&rsquo;\u00e9clair <\/span>et de la<span class=\"glossary-box\" data-info=\"A measure of a fluids resistance to flow. Viscosity typically increases as temperatures reduce and decreases as temperatures rise; a higher viscosity essentially means a thicker fluid. Ideally, a heat transfer fluid should have viscosity ranging from 5cSt to 40cSt at 104\u00b0F.\" data-name=\"Viscosity\"> viscosit\u00e9<\/span> du fluide thermique, ainsi que l&rsquo;augmentation de la pression de vapeur. L&rsquo;augmentation de la <span class=\"glossary-box\" data-info=\"Most liquids form vapors when heated. A low vapor pressure helps prevent boiling and pump cavitation. Vapor pressure increases as temperatures rise and also indicates how quickly a liquid evaporates. Fluids with high vapor pressure may need frequent topping up.\" data-name=\"Vapor pressure\">pression de vapeur<\/span> peut affecter l&rsquo;efficacit\u00e9 globale du syst\u00e8me et provoquer une <span class=\"glossary-box\" data-info=\"In a heat transfer system, failure of the material to flow to the suction of the system pump for any reason.\" data-name=\"Cavitation\">cavitation<\/span> de la pompe, entra\u00eenant une d\u00e9faillance pr\u00e9matur\u00e9e. La r\u00e9duction du point d&rsquo;\u00e9clair peut \u00e9galement \u00eatre \u00e0 l&rsquo;origine de graves probl\u00e8mes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et de fonctionnement.  <\/p>\n<p><strong>Chaudi\u00e8res \u00e0 haute pression<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Si une <span class=\"glossary-box\" data-info=\"Thermal degradation occurs at the heat source when a fluid is overheated past its bulk temperature. \u2018Cracking\u2019 the fluid produces light ends which lower flashpoint and viscosity, increase vapor pressure, and can result in coke build-up on the heater.\" data-name=\"Thermal degradation\">d\u00e9gradation thermique <\/span>se produit \u00e0 des temp\u00e9ratures extr\u00eames, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement sup\u00e9rieures \u00e0 400 \u00b0C (752 \u00b0F), cela entra\u00eene non seulement la rupture des liaisons carbone-carbone, mais aussi la s\u00e9paration des atomes d&rsquo;hydrog\u00e8ne de leurs atomes de carbone, ce qui conduit \u00e0 la formation de coke. Les compos\u00e9s \u00e0 haut point d&rsquo;\u00e9bullition entra\u00eenent une augmentation de la <span class=\"glossary-box\" data-info=\"A measure of a fluids resistance to flow. Viscosity typically increases as temperatures reduce and decreases as temperatures rise; a higher viscosity essentially means a thicker fluid. Ideally, a heat transfer fluid should have viscosity ranging from 5cSt to 40cSt at 104\u00b0F.\" data-name=\"Viscosity\">viscosit\u00e9 <\/span>du fluide tant qu&rsquo;ils restent en solution. Cependant, une fois leur limite de solubilit\u00e9 d\u00e9pass\u00e9e, ils commencent \u00e0 former des solides qui peuvent encrasser les surfaces de transfert de chaleur. Dans ce cas, l&rsquo;encrassement des surfaces de transfert de chaleur est tr\u00e8s rapide et le syst\u00e8me cesse rapidement de fonctionner.   <\/p>\n<p>En termes simples, la <span class=\"glossary-box\" data-info=\"Thermal degradation occurs at the heat source when a fluid is overheated past its bulk temperature. \u2018Cracking\u2019 the fluid produces light ends which lower flashpoint and viscosity, increase vapor pressure, and can result in coke build-up on the heater.\" data-name=\"Thermal degradation\">d\u00e9gradation thermique<\/span> r\u00e9sulte d&rsquo;une surchauffe de l&rsquo;huile au-del\u00e0 de son point d&rsquo;\u00e9bullition. Lorsque le fluide bout, tout comme l&rsquo;eau, il produit un composant plus l\u00e9ger sous forme de vapeurs. Une surchauffe ou une fissuration excessive peut entra\u00eener une r\u00e9duction de la <span class=\"glossary-box\" data-info=\"A measure of a fluids resistance to flow. Viscosity typically increases as temperatures reduce and decreases as temperatures rise; a higher viscosity essentially means a thicker fluid. Ideally, a heat transfer fluid should have viscosity ranging from 5cSt to 40cSt at 104\u00b0F.\" data-name=\"Viscosity\">viscosit\u00e9<\/span> et poser des probl\u00e8mes de s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Outre la cr\u00e9ation de ces composants plus l\u00e9gers, le point d&rsquo;\u00e9clair, le <span class=\"glossary-box\" data-info=\"The temperature at which the fluid will sustain a fire if ignited by an outside ignition source. It\u2019s common for heat transfer systems to be operated at temperatures above the fire point of the fluid as ignition sources should always be far removed from any system.\" data-name=\"Fire point\">point d&rsquo;inflammation<\/span> et les temp\u00e9ratures d&rsquo;<span class=\"glossary-box\" data-info=\"Minimum temperature which a substance must be heated without application of flame or spark to cause substance to ignite.\" data-name=\"Autoignition\">auto-inflammation<\/span> globaux du fluide seront r\u00e9duits \u00e0 des niveaux potentiellement dangereux.   <\/p>\n<p><strong>Point d&rsquo;\u00e9clair<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Le <span class=\"glossary-box\" data-info=\"The temperature at which the vapors produced from a fluid will ignite (flash off) if exposed to an ignition source (the fluid will not burn at this point). While important for safety, it\u2019s actually quite common to operate at temperatures above the flash point of the fluid.\" data-name=\"Flash point\">point d&rsquo;\u00e9clair<\/span> est important du point de vue de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 ; toutefois, il ne constitue pas un probl\u00e8me \u00e0 moins qu&rsquo;il ne soit nettement inf\u00e9rieur aux nouvelles sp\u00e9cifications. Il est assez courant que les syst\u00e8mes de transfert de chaleur fonctionnent \u00e0 des temp\u00e9ratures sup\u00e9rieures au point d&rsquo;\u00e9clair du fluide. [\/vc_column_text][dura_blog_pdf link=\u00a0\u00bbhttps:\/\/durathermcanada.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/understanding-fluid-degradation.pdf\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][vc_column top_padding_desktop=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb constrain_group_100=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb bottom_padding_desktop=\u00a0\u00bb40px\u00a0\u00bb left_padding_desktop=\u00a0\u00bb20px\u00a0\u00bb constrain_group_101=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb right_padding_desktop=\u00a0\u00bb20px\u00a0\u00bb column_element_direction_desktop=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb column_element_spacing=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb desktop_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb tablet_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb phone_text_alignment=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#efeff2&Prime; background_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; background_hover_color_opacity=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; column_backdrop_filter=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_shadow=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_radius=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_link_target=\u00a0\u00bb_self\u00a0\u00bb column_position=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb gradient_direction=\u00a0\u00bbleft_to_right\u00a0\u00bb overlay_strength=\u00a0\u00bb0.3&Prime; width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/3&Prime; tablet_width_inherit=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb animation_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb bg_image_animation=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb border_type=\u00a0\u00bbsimple\u00a0\u00bb column_border_width=\u00a0\u00bbnone\u00a0\u00bb column_border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb column_padding_type=\u00a0\u00bbadvanced\u00a0\u00bb gradient_type=\u00a0\u00bbdefault\u00a0\u00bb][dura_blog_posts title=\u00a0\u00bbCentre d&rsquo;apprentissage\u00a0\u00bb excerpt_length=\u00a0\u00bb10&Prime;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La d\u00e9finition scientifique de la d\u00e9gradation oxydative est la r\u00e9action de l&rsquo;oxyg\u00e8ne (pr\u00e9sent dans l&rsquo;air) avec le fluide par un m\u00e9canisme de radicaux libres pour former des mol\u00e9cules plus grosses qui finissent par devenir des polym\u00e8res ou des solides. Ceux-ci \u00e9paississent le fluide, augmentant ainsi sa viscosit\u00e9. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-5482","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-notions-de-base-sur-les-fluides"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Comprendre la d\u00e9gradation des fluides | Duratherm<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Duratherm explique les causes les plus courantes de d\u00e9gradation des fluides caloporteurs, telles que l&#039;oxydation et la d\u00e9gradation thermique.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link 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